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Peninsular Malaysia, which is also referred to as West Malaysia, comprises 11 states and 2 Federal Territories. This includes the states: Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Perak, Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka and Johor and the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur (the capital city) and Putrajaya. East Malaysia, on the island of Borneo comprises 2 states and 1 Federal Territory which are the states of Sabah and Sarawak and the Federal Territory of Labuan.
Malaysia is ruled by a Parliamentary democracy with elections held every 4-5 years. The Head of State is the Yang Di-Pertuan Agong or the King. The monarchy system is known as an elective monarchy whereby the King is selected from among the nine state sultans, each serving a five-year term. The remaining states are headed by Governors and do not participate in the selection.
Executive powers are vested on the head of Government which is the Prime Minister. The legislative branch consists of the Parliament which is based heavily on the British Parliament. A judiciary has also been established under the Constitution.
